铁素体基Ti-Mo高强钢连续冷却相变及组织性能

摘要：为了深入了解铁素体基Ti-Mo高强钢在连续冷却相变过程中组织及硬度的变化及其原因，通过热膨胀法、金相及硬度等实验研究了Ti-Mo微合金钢在连续冷却条件下组织及性能的变化，探讨了冷却速率对组织、硬度及相变行为的影响机理，揭示了（Ti，Mo）C在奥氏体和铁素体中Ti/Mo原子比变化的原因。结果表明，随着冷却速率由0.06℃/s增加至17.9℃/s，组织依次为多边形铁素体+珠光体→多边形铁素体+粒状贝氏体→粒状贝氏体，硬度由144HV逐渐增大至228HV。当冷速由0.14℃/s增大至0.90℃/s时，组织中多边形铁素体比例不断增大，珠光体比例不断降低，硬度的提高主要来自于铁素体晶粒尺寸的细化及纳米级（Ti，Mo）C粒子的增多；当冷速由1.79℃/s增大至17.9℃/s时，组织中多边形铁素体比例不断降低，贝氏体比例不断提高，硬度的提高主要是由于贝氏体组织的细化及其比例的增加。（Ti，Mo）C粒子主要有2类：一类是奥氏体中析出的10～20nm的粒子，Ti原子数分数约为88%，另一类是铁素体中析出的小于10nm的粒子，Ti原子数分数约为68%，EDS测量结果与计算结果大致相当。     

圆柱形带壳推进剂装药枪击响应特性

为研究某圆柱形带壳推进剂装药的枪击响应特性,设计了一种12.7 mm子弹撞击试验。利用高速摄影机记录带壳装药在子弹撞击下的响应过程,并测试不同距离、方位处的空气超压及壳体破片速度,同时进行带壳装药在理想爆轰条件下的数值计算,得到了带壳装药的能量释放率。一共开展了四次圆柱形带壳装药的枪击试验,前三次装药发生了爆燃反应,第四次几乎无反应。结果表明:子弹撞击位置对圆柱形带壳装药的反应和能量释放率有较大影响,当子弹垂直入射带壳装药轴线后,推进剂发生点火、冒烟、熄火和低压燃烧的时序响应,其相对能量释放率为1.146%;而当子弹撞击位置偏离轴线一定距离时,推进剂几乎无反应,其相对能量释放率仅为0.473%;推进剂的反应对壳体破片有加速效应,带壳装药发生爆燃反应时的破片速度可达428.6 m·s~(-1),而几乎无反应时的最高破片速度仅有70.1 m·s~(-1)。     

基于联合节点行为策略的WSN覆盖控制算法

针对无线传感器网络在对移动目标节点覆盖过程中出现网络能量快速消耗问题，提出了一种基于联合节点行为策略的覆盖算法。根据网络模型建立传感器节点与目标节点从属关系，确定覆盖关联模型；利用概率理论求解邻居节点冗余覆盖度，确定最少传感器节点数量；给出了邻居节点覆盖期望值的求解方法；仿真实验表明，该算法与其他算法在网络覆盖率和网络生存周期两个性能指标上均提升了12.39%和15.01%，从而验证了算法的有效性。     

松辽盆地伏龙泉断陷边界断层构造反转率

盆地边界断层通常为同沉积断层，同沉积断层活动时间相对短且具有间歇性，地层沉积时间相对较长，这决定了断陷盆地的地层分布格局。通过分析同沉积断层理论模式，认为断陷缓坡带地层厚度与边界断层下盘厚度相当，边界断层下盘通常缺失与上盘对应的地层，可选择断陷盆地缓坡带地层厚度代替边界断层下盘厚度，建立虚拟下盘厚度格架，然后运用位移-距离曲线等方法对边界断层开展定量研究。伏龙泉断陷位于松辽盆地东南部，为东断西超的半地堑盆地，发育4条边界断层，依次控制了4个沉积次洼，4条边界断层的活动强度和反转程度存在差异。伏龙泉断陷经历了断陷期、拗陷期、反转期三个主要的构造期次，分别对应于边界断层强烈活动、停止活动、反转活动3个演化阶段，发生于白垩纪末的反转活动使得边界断层再次活化，形成油气运移通道，深层油气向上运移到浅层圈闭中，形成次生油气藏。通过定量计算伏龙泉断陷各边界断层的反转率，结合油气富集规律认识，认为反转率适中的区域最有利于次生油气藏的形成和保存。     

高斯混合模型结合加权似然的目标跟踪算法

鉴于高斯混合模型对背景变化快时无法精确检测出目标和目标跟踪的适应性差等瑕疵，提出了基于加权似然跟踪器来改进高斯混合模型实现运动目标跟踪算法。主要引入了自适应高斯混合模型来实时检测运动目标，然后空间加权似然来进行视频中的目标定位，引入加权似然期望值来改进高斯混合模型处理视频中的多尺度、多角度变化的目标跟踪不精准问题。通过VOT 2014 dataset对比实验结果表明提出的基于加权似然跟踪（Weighted Likelihood Tracking，WLT）和改进高斯混合模型（Improved Gaussian Mixture Model，IGMM）的目标跟踪算法较传统高斯混合模型跟踪算法在跟踪的精度有较大提高。在应对多尺度、多角度变化的目标跟踪表现出了较大的优势。     

High strain rate compressive response of the Cf/SiC composite

Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic owns the properties of lightweight, high fracture toughness, excellent shock resistance, and thus overcomes ceramic's brittleness. The researches on the advanced structure of astronautics, marine have exclusively evaluated the quasi-static mechanical response of carbon fiber reinforced ceramics, while few investigations are available in the open literature regarding elastodynamics. This paper reports the dynamic compressive responses of a carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C_f/SiC) composite (CFCMC) tested by the material test system 801 machine (MTS) and the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). These tests were to determine the rate dependent compression response and high strain rate failure mechanism of the C_f/SiC composite in in-plane and out-plane directions. The in-plane compressive strain rates are from 0.001 to 2200?s^?1, and that of the out-plane direction are from 0.001 to 2400?s^?1. The compressive stress-strain curves show the C_f/SiC composite has a property of strain rate sensitivity in both directions while under high strain rate loadings. Its compressive stiffness, compressive stress, and corresponding strain are also strain rate sensitive. The compressive damage morphologies after high strain rate impacting show different failure modes for each loading direction. This study provides knowledge about elastodynamics of fiber-reinforced ceramics and extends their design criterion with a reliable evaluation while applying in the scenario of loading high strain rate.     

高温工作InAlSb的MBE生长及器件性能研究

接近室温的更高工作温度是第三代红外探测器发展的重要方向。本文论述了用MBE在InSb(100)衬底上外延生长制备P-i-N型三元In1-xAlxSb薄膜合金材料,并通过制备单元器件进行了验证。采用RHEED振荡和X射线双晶衍射对In1-xAlxSb薄膜的Al组分进行了调控和检测。5.3 μm厚薄膜的FWHM≈50 arcsec,Al组分约1.9%。10 μm×10 μm原子力表面粗糙度RMS≈0.6 nm。制备的单元器件获得了预期的理想效果,为下一步面阵焦平面的制备奠定了基础。     

新人体(火用)分析模型在建筑热舒适评价中的应用

为探究人体■分析法在评估室内热环境状态中的应用,严格根据新陈代谢■的定义,在已有的两种■分析模型基础上,首先提出了更合理的新陈代谢■计算方法,建立了新的两节点■分析模型.然后利用ASHRAE数据库中的实验数据验证了所建立模型的可靠性.最后,揭示了人体■交换速率、■损失速率随室内、外环境参数的变化规律.研究结果表明:新的新陈代谢■计算方法能更准确地进行人体■分析;■损失速率比■交换速率占新陈代谢■率的比例大;操作温度25℃时,■交换速率主要包含辐射■率和对流■率;操作温度32℃时,蒸发■率和呼吸■率则是■交换速率的主要组成部分;人体■损失速率在操作温度较低或较高条件下均出现极值,将其单独用于人体热舒适评价不妥,结合■损失速率和■交换速率两者可更好地评价室内热环境状态;最小■损失速率和最小■交换速率在给定室内条件下,均在室外高温低湿工况下出现;室外温度比室外相对湿度更强烈地影响人体■损失速率和人体■交换速率.     

Evaluation of physiological workload assessment methods using heart rate and accelerometry for a smart wearable system

Work metabolism (WM) can be accurately estimated by oxygen consumption (VO₂), which is commonly assessed by heart rate (HR) in field studies. However, the VO₂–HR relationship is influenced by individual capacity and activity characteristics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three models for estimating WM compared with indirect calorimetry, during simulated work activities. The techniques were: the HR-Flex model; HR branched model, combining HR with hip-worn accelerometers (ACC); and HR?+?arm-leg ACC model, combining HR with wrist- and thigh-worn ACC. Twelve participants performed five simulated work activities and three submaximal tests. The HR?+?arm-leg ACC model had the overall best performance with limits of agreement (LoA) of ?3.94 and 2.00?mL/min/kg, while the HR-Flex model had ?5.01 and 5.36?mL/min/kg and the branched model, ?6.71 and 1.52?mL/min/kg. In conclusion, the HR?+?arm-leg ACC model should, when feasible, be preferred in wearable systems for WM estimation.

Practitioner Summary: Work with high energy demand can impair employees’ health and life quality. Three models were evaluated for estimating work metabolism during simulated tasks. The model combining heart rate, wrist- and thigh-worn accelerometers showed the best accuracy. This is, when feasible, suggested for wearable systems to assess work metabolism.